1.
Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and childhood for asthma in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.
Zhang, Y, Lin, J, Fu, W, Liu, S, Gong, C, Dai, J
Pediatric pulmonology. 2019;(7):949-961
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the relationship between high adherence to the Mediterranean diet in pregnancy and childhood and the risk of asthma and wheeze in children. METHODS We conducted searches of PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from inception to 30 October 2018. Observational studies providing risk estimates and corresponding confidence intervals on the association of high adherence to the Mediterranean diet in pregnancy or childhood and the risk of asthma or wheeze in childhood were included. The methodological quality of all included studies was assessed. Summary odds ratios (OR) were calculated using a random-effects model. RESULTS Eighteen observational studies were included in this review. All studies were of moderate to high quality. The pooled data suggested high adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy was associated with a reduced incidence of wheeze in the first 12 months (OR, 0.92; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.88-0.95; P < 0.001), and there was an inverse association between the Mediterranean diet during childhood and the incidence of wheeze in the history (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.37-0.70; P = 0.001) and current wheeze (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.95-0.99; P = 0.013). However, there was no significant association between high adherence of the Mediterranean diet in pregnancy and childhood and any of the other meta-analysis end points including diagnosed asthma. CONCLUSION High adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and childhood may have short-term effects on wheeze in children in early life. However, these findings should be interpreted with caution owing to the heterogeneity of the studies.
2.
[Micro-invasive embedding combined with montelukast sodium for children cough variant asthma:a randomized controlled trial].
Wang, X, Liu, B, Lu, B, Zhang, Y, Wang, L, Li, H, Han, X, Ding, D
Zhongguo zhen jiu = Chinese acupuncture & moxibustion. 2017;(3):259-264
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of micro-invasive embedding combined with montelukast sodium and simple montelukast sodium for children cough variant asthma (CVA). METHODS A total of 240 patients were randomly assigned into an observation group and a control group, 120 cases in each one. Considering of cases dropping, 101 patients in the observation group and 105 cases in the control group were included. Montelukast sodium chewable tablets were applied before sleep for 3 months in the control group, 5 mg a time, once a day. Based on the treatment as the control group, micro-invasive embedding was used for 3 months in the observation group, twice in the first month and once in the other two months. The acupoints were Feishu (BL 13), Danzhong (CV 17), Dingchuan (EX-B 1), and Zusanli (ST 36). Follow-up was conducted 9 months after treatment in the two groups. The cough score, serum immunoglobulin (IgE, IgG, IgA), platelet activating factor (PAF) were observed before and after treatment. The indices were compared before and after treatment and at follow-up, including pulmonary function indices[peak expiratory flow rate (PEF), forced expiratory volume at the 1st second (FEV1)], and small airway function indices[forced expiratory flow rate with remaining 25% vital capacity (MEF25%), forced expiratory flow rate with remaining 50% vital capacity (MEF50%), forced expiratory flow rate with remaining 75% vital capacity (MEF75%) and mid expiratory flow rate (MEF25%-75%)]. Also, the total effects were evaluated. RESULTS ①The total effective rate in the observation group was 93.1% (94/101), which was better than 87.6% (92/105) in the control group (P<0.05). The cough disappearance time of the cured children in the observation group was (10.38±2.64) d, and it was shorter than (10.72 ±2.60) d of those in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the cough score apparently decreased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (both P<0.05), with better result in the observation group (P<0.05). At follow-up, the recurrence frequency of the observation group was (1.43±1.20), and it was less than (1.91±1.71) in the control group (P<0.05). ②The levels of serum IgA and IgG after treatment in the two groups increased, and those of serum IgE and PAF decreased, compared with those before treatment. There was statistically significance except IgG in the control group before and after treatment (all P<0.05), with better Results in the observation group after treatment (all P<0.05). ③ Compared with those before treatment, all the pulmonary function indices were improved obviously after treatment and at follow-up in the two groups (all P<0.05), without statistically significance between the two groups (both P>0.05). ④ There was no statistically significance before and after treatment on small airway function indices in the two groups (all P>0.05). The indices at follow-up increased compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all P<0.05), with better Results in the observation group (all P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Micro-invasive embedding combined with montelukast sodium achieved de-finite effect for children CVA, which can improve the body's immune and microcirculation. The effect is better than that of simple montelukast sodium on improving small airway function, etc.